In 1904, the Chinese government encouraged the business community to set up chambers of commerce to bridge the gap between government officials and business leaders, recounts Heping, and the
institutions grew and thrived until the triumph of the revolution in 1949 after which they withered away and were replaced by federations of manufacturing and commerce. Among the stages of the
history are emerging out of trade wars, entering the political arena, the grand coalition of national chambers of commerce, reclaiming national sovereignty, and on the decline. There is no
index. Published in conjunction with Social Sciences Academic Press in China. Annotation ©2013 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
