PART I
STUDY CHAPTERS
1 Introduction to Simulation
1.1 Introduction
1.2 What Is Simulation？
1.3 Why Simulate？
1.4 Doing Simulation
1.5 Use of Simulation
1.6 When Simulation Appropriate
1.7 Qualification for Doing Simulation
1.8 Economic Justification of Simulation
1.9 Sources of Information on Simulation
1.10 How to Use This Book
1.11 Summary
1.12 Review Questions
References
2 System Dynamics
2.1 Introduction
2.2 System Definition
2.3 System Elements
2.3.1 Entities
2.3.2 Activities
2.3.3 Resources
2.3.4 Controls
2.4 System Complexity
2.4.1 Interdependencies
2.4.2 Variability
2.5 System Performance Metrics
2.6 System Variables
2.6.1 Decision Variables
2.6.2 Response Variables
2.6.3 State Variables
2.7 System Optimization
2.8 The Systems Approach
2.8.1 Identifying Problems and Opportunities
2.8.2 Developing Alternative Solutions
2.8.3 Evaluating the Solutions
2.8.4 Selecting and Implementing the Best Solution
2.9 Systems Analysis Techniques
2.9.1 Hand Calculations
2.9.2 Spreadsheets
2.9.3 Operations Research Techniques
2.9.4 Special Computerized Tools
2.10 Summary
2.11 Review Questions
References
3 Simulation Basics
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Types of Simulation
3.2.1 Static versus Dynamic Simulation
3.2.2 Stochastic versus Deterministic Simulation
3.3 Random Behavior
3.4 Simulating Random Behavior
3.4.1 Generating Random Numbers
3.4.2 Generating Random Variates
3.5 Simple Spreadsheet Simulation
3.5.1 Simulating Random Variates
3.5.2 Simulating Dynamic，Stochastic Systems
3.5.3 Simulation Replications and Output Analysis
3.6 Summary
3.7 Review Questions
References
4 Discrete-Event Simulation
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Discrete-Event versus Continuous Simulation
4.2.1 Differential Equations
4.2.2 Difference Equations
4.2.3 Combined Continuous and Discrete Simulation
4.3 How Discrete-Event Simulation Works
4.4 A Manual Discrete-Event Simulation Example
4.4.1 Simulation Model Assumptions
4.4.2 Setting Up the Simulation
4.4.3 Running the Simulation
4.4.4 Calculating Results
4.4.5 Issues
4.5 Commercial Simulation Software
4.5.1 Modeling Interface Module
4.5.2 Model Processor
4.5.3 Simulation Interface Module
4.5.4 Simulation Processor
4.5.5 Animation Processor
4.5.6 Output Processor
4.5.7 Output Interface Module
4.6 Simulation Using ProModel
4.6.1 Building a Model
4.6.2 Running the Simulation
4.6.3 Output Analysis
4.7 Lanauages versus Simulators
4.8 Future of Simulation
4.9 Summary
4.10 Review Questions
References
5 Getting Started
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Preliminary Activities
5.2.1 Selecting an Application
5.2.2 Personnel Identification
5.2.3 Software Selection
5.3 Simulation Procedure
5.4 Defining the Objective
5.5 Defining the Scope of Work
5.5.1 Determining Model Scope
5.5.2 Deciding on Level of Detail
5.5.3 Assigning Data-Gathering Responsibilities
5.5.4 Planning the Experimentation
5.5.5 Determining the Form of Results
5.6 Denfining Project Requirements
5.7 Reasons Why Simulation Projects Fail
5.8 Summary
5.9 Review Questions
5.10 Case Studies
Case Study A:AST Computes Big Benefits Using Simulation
Case Study B:Durham Regional Hospital Saves ＄150，000 Annually Using Simulation Tools
References
6 Data Collection and Analysis
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Guidelines for Data Gathering
6.3 Determining Data Requirements
6.3.1 Structural Data
6.3.2 Operational Data
6.3.3 Numerical Data
6.3.4 Use of a Questionnaire
6.4 Identifying Data Sources
6.5 Collecting the Data
6.5.1 Defining the Entity Flow
6.5.2 Developing a Description of Operation
6.5.3 Defining Incidental Details and Refining Data Values
6.6 Making Assumptions
6.7 Statistical Analysis of Numerical Data
6.7.1 Tests for Independence
6.7.2 Tests for Identically Distributed Data
6.8 Distribution Fitting
6.8.1 Frequency Distributions
6.8.2 Theoretical Distributions
6.8.3 Fitting Theoretical Distributions to Data
6.9 Selecting a Distribution in the Absence of Data
6.9.1 Most Likely or Mean Value
6.9.2 Minimum and Maximum Values
6.9.3 Minimum，Most Likely，and Maximum Values
6.10 Bounded versus Boundless Distributions
6.11 Modeling Discrete Probabilities Using Continuous Distributions
6.12 Data Documentation and Approval
6.12.1 Data Documentation Example
6.13 Summary
6.14 Review Questions
6.15 Case Study:Collecting and Documenting Data for Harry’s Drive-Through Restaurant
References
7 Model Building
8 Model Verification and Validation
9 Simulation Output Analysis
10 Comparing Systems
12 Modeling Manufacturing Systems
13 Modeling Material Handling Systems
14 Modeling Service Systems
PART II
LABS
1 Introduction to ProModel 6.0
2 ProModel World View，Meru，and Tutorial
3 Running a ProModel Simulation
4 Building Your First Model
5 ProModel﹀s Output Module
6 Fitting Statistical Distributions to Input Data
7 Basic Modeling Concepts
8 Model Verification and Validation
9 Simulation Output Analysis
10 ComparingAIternative Systems
12 Intermediate Modeling Concepts
13 Material Handling Concepts
14 Additional Modeling Concepts
PART III
CASE STUDY ASSIGNMENTS
Case 1 Toy Airplane Manufacturing
Case 2 Mi Cazuela--Mexican Restaurant
Case 3 Jai Hind Cycles Inc．Plans New Production Facility
Case 4 The FSB Coin System
Case 5 Automated Warehousing at Athletic Shoe Company
Case 6 Concentrate Line at Florida Citrus Company
Case 7 Balancing the Production Line at Southern CaliforniaDoor Company 698
Case 8 Material Handling at California Steel Industries，Inc．
Appendix A Common Continuous and Discrete Distributions
Appendix B Critical Values for Student﹀s t Distribution and Standard Normal Distribution 724
Appendix C F Distribution for α= 0.05
Appendix D Critical Values for Chi-Square Distribution
Index
